The White movement during the civil war primarily supported which side?

• A. Czar Nicholas II and the old regime
• B. Bolsheviks
• C. Duma
• D. Provisional Government

Answer: (A)

The main idea here is that the White movement stood against the Bolshevik revolution and sought to restore the old order in Russia. A large portion of White supporters were monarchists who wanted Czarist rule to return, so their goals were aligned with backing Czar Nicholas II and the pre-revolutionary regime. They fought the Red Army because they opposed Bolshevik power and what it represented, rather than backing the liberal or provisional structures that existed earlier in 1917. The Duma and the Provisional Government were temporary governments during the revolutionary period; they did not represent the White movement’s unifying aim, which was to defeat the Bolsheviks and restore the old regime.