What were Lenin's key demands in the April Theses?

• A. Immediate end to war, transfer of land to peasants, transfer of state power to the Soviets, and opposition to the Provisional Government.
• B. End to war and restoration of the monarchy.
• C. A constitutional monarchy.
• D. Dissolution of the Duma.

Answer: (A)

The central idea in Lenin’s April Theses is to push for immediate, radical change by placing power in the hands of the soviets and ending Russia’s involvement in the war, while redistributing land to the peasantry. Lenin argued that the Provisional Government was a bourgeois regime that could not deliver peace, land, or real political power to the people. The four key demands—end the war now, transfer land to the peasants, transfer all power to the soviets, and oppose the Provisional Government—are meant to break with gradual reform and set up a socialist system controlled by workers’ and soldiers’ councils. This is why the described option is the best fit: it sums up the program Lenin put forward in the Theses and his rejection of the existing government.

The other choices miss the mark because they favor restoring or preserving monarchical rule, a constitutional framework, or a parliamentary body without transferring real power to the soviets. They do not reflect Lenin’s call for immediate soviet authority and socialist measures.