Which of the following is an opposing group to the tsars?

• A. Farmers
• B. Liberals
• C. Sailors
• D. Merchants

Answer: (B)

Liberals were the group pushing for political change that would limit the tsar’s autocratic power and bring in a constitution, civil rights, and a representative assembly. They argued for a constitutional monarchy and the rule of law, and they organized around parties like the Constitutional Democrats (Kadets) to press for a Duma and elected representation. This kind of organized, legally framed opposition directly challenged the Tsarist system and sought to transform it from within the framework of law, rather than overturning it by force.

peasant farmers focused their discontent on land and serf-like conditions, wanting reform of landholding rather than a clear program for constitutional government; sailors did participate in revolutionary actions, but as a distinct group within the military and naval ranks rather than a broad political bloc; merchants prioritized stability for trade and economic order, which could align with the regime more than oppose it. So the liberal faction best fits the idea of an opposing group to the tsars in terms of pushing for structured political reform.